Recycling of Organic Waste: An Overview of Pálinka Distillery Mash Composting

Organic waste generation has been extending to an alarming level in most areas of the world, and its sustainable management is required. In Hungary, amount organic increasing significantly, especially pálinka manufacturing - a Hungarian hard liquor producing great quantity mash residue, mostly grape pomace spent wash, non-hazardous food that suspension left over by distillation fermented spirits. Around two hundred thousand tons fruit are generated annually, full recycling legal disposal unprecedented distilling plants, threatening environment if disposed incorrectly. this paper, we focused on reviewing Pálinka composting, where biggest challenge for treatment initial pH, around 4, which can be successfully neutralized with mineral additives. The applied additives were chosen their beneficial physical, chemical, biological qualities. Accordingly, andesite alginite employed experimental composting. results our observation have confirmed establish valuable compost or fertilizer, favourably altering dynamics decomposition synthesis reactions. As experiment composting technology, also tested mature culture vessel experiments heavy metal adsorption capacity ma tube using lettuce (Lactuca sativa) tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum) as test plants. plants irrigated lead (Pb), iron (Fe) contaminated water, then it was determined metals accumulation growing media Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). study could compare rate different plant parts ratios media.